B.Sc. IV Semester · DSM Course

Inorganic &
Organic Chemistry

CHE-DSM-411 — Complete study resource covering all five units: from metallurgical principles and s/p-block elements to amino acids and carbohydrates.

5
Units
60
Hours
04
Credits
60
Total Marks
Course: CHE-DSM-411
Program: Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.)
Type: Inorganic & Organic Chemistry — Theory
Each Unit: 12 Marks
All Units
Unit I
Metallurgy & s/p-Block Elements
General principles of extraction, purification, and periodic trends of s and p block elements.
12 Marks
  • Ellingham diagrams for reduction of metal oxides
  • Hydrometallurgy & extraction methods
  • Methods of purification: Al, Pb, Ti, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn
  • Electrolytic & oxidative refining
  • Kroll process & Parting process
  • Van Arkel–de Boer process
  • Mond's process
  • Periodicity in s & p block (atomic size, IE, EN)
  • Allotropy in C, S, and P
  • Unusual & rare oxidation states; carbides & nitrides
  • Inert pair effect
  • Diagonal relationship
  • Anomalous behaviour of first member of each group
Unit II
Compounds of s & p-Block Elements
Hydrides classification, multicenter bonding, and key compound properties.
12 Marks
  • Hydrides: ionic, covalent, interstitial — classification
  • Structure & properties of hydrides
  • Stability of hydrides of p-block elements
  • Concept of multicenter bonding
  • Diborane (B₂H₆) — structure & bonding
  • Structure & bonding of key compounds
  • Oxidation/reduction properties
  • Acidic/basic nature of compounds
  • Industrial, organic & environmental chemistry applications
Unit III
Hydrides of N, Halides, Oxohalides & Carboxylic Acids
Inorganic hydrides, halogen compounds, and aliphatic/aromatic carboxylic acids.
12 Marks
  • Hydrides of nitrogen: NH₃, N₂H₄, N₃H, NH₂OH
  • Oxoacids of P, S, and Cl
  • Halides and oxohalides: PCl₃, PCl₅, SOCl₂, SO₂Cl₂
  • Functional group approach for organic compounds
  • Carboxylic acids: aliphatic and aromatic
  • Acid & alkaline hydrolysis of esters
  • Hell–Vohlard–Zelinsky (HVZ) reaction
  • Acid chlorides, anhydrides, esters & amides from acids
  • Comparative nucleophilicity of acyl derivatives
  • Reformatsky Reaction & Perkin Condensation
Unit IV
Amines & Diazonium Salts
Aliphatic and aromatic amines, Gabriel synthesis, and diazonium salt chemistry.
12 Marks
  • Amines: aliphatic and aromatic (upto 5 carbons)
  • Preparation from alkyl halides
  • Gabriel's Phthalimide Synthesis
  • Hofmann Bromamide Reaction
  • Hofmann vs. Saytzeff Elimination
  • Carbylamine test, Hinsberg test
  • Reaction with HNO₂
  • Schotten–Baumann Reaction
  • Electrophilic substitution (aniline): nitration, bromination, sulphonation
  • Diazonium salts: preparation from aromatic amines
  • Reactions: conversion to benzene, halogen benzene, phenol & dyes
Unit V
Amino Acids & Carbohydrates
Amino acid synthesis, zwitterions, and complete carbohydrate chemistry.
12 Marks
  • Amino Acids: preparation via Strecker synthesis
  • Gabriel's phthalimide synthesis (amino acids)
  • Zwitterion, isoelectric point, electrophoresis
  • Reactions: esterification of –COOH
  • Acetylation of –NH₂ group
  • Complexation with Cu²⁺ ions
  • Ninhydrin test
  • Carbohydrates: classification & general properties
  • Glucose & Fructose: open chain & cyclic structures
  • Configuration of monosaccharides; absolute configuration
  • Mutarotation, ascending & descending in monosaccharides
  • Structure of disaccharides: sucrose, maltose, lactose
  • Polysaccharides: starch & cellulose (general)
Previous Year Questions
PYQ 2025
Complete Solutions
Detailed solutions for all 5 units with step-by-step explanations and exam tips.
📋 Course Learning Outcomes
  • Understand the general principle of metallurgy
  • Understand the chemistry of compounds of s- and p-block elements
  • Learn the chemistry of hydrides of nitrogen, halides and oxohalides
  • Understand and explore the chemistry of amines and diazonium salts
  • Learn about the chemistry of amino acids and carbohydrates
Reference Books
1. W. J. Huheey — Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th Ed., Pearson
2. B.R. Puri, L.R. Sharma, K.C. Kalia — Principle of Inorganic Chemistry, 33rd Ed., Vishal Publishing Co.
3. J.D. Lee — Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Ed., John Wiley & Sons
4. Morrison & Boyd — Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall
5. I.L. Finar — Organic Chemistry, Vol. 1, Longman